[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/ranny-stredovek\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/ranny-stredovek\/","headline":"Rann\u00fd st\u0159edov\u011bk","name":"Rann\u00fd st\u0159edov\u011bk","description":"Obvykle se potom datuje konec st\u0159edov\u011bku do roku 1492, kdy objevil Kry\u0161tof Kolumbus Ameriku. V ran\u00e9m st\u0159edov\u011bku ji\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch civiliza\u010dn\u00edch center. Vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed civilizace se pomalu p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed ze St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed do nitra Evropy. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se tak\u00e9: \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0161\u00ed\u0159it k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 rozv\u00edj\u00ed se rom\u00e1nsk\u00e1 kultura Ran\u00fd st\u0159edov\u011bk s\u00e1m se d\u011bl\u00ed do dvou obdob\u00ed: \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Obdob\u00ed...","datePublished":"2023-05-06","dateModified":"2023-05-06","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/06473a178d94fb830b46e277369729e9534f2612e261ec2f1ee96b672ef473e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/06473a178d94fb830b46e277369729e9534f2612e261ec2f1ee96b672ef473e2?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"mauz.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293103_w2295_t1505422373.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293103_w2295_t1505422373.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/ranny-stredovek\/","wordCount":427,"articleBody":"Obvykle se potom datuje konec st\u0159edov\u011bku do roku 1492, kdy objevil Kry\u0161tof Kolumbus Ameriku. V ran\u00e9m st\u0159edov\u011bku ji\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch civiliza\u010dn\u00edch center. Vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed civilizace se pomalu p\u0159esouvaj\u00ed ze St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ed do nitra Evropy. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se tak\u00e9:\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0161\u00ed\u0159it k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 rozv\u00edj\u00ed se rom\u00e1nsk\u00e1 kulturaRan\u00fd st\u0159edov\u011bk s\u00e1m se d\u011bl\u00ed do dvou obdob\u00ed:\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Obdob\u00ed p\u0159edst\u00e1tn\u00ed, kdy je\u0161t\u011b nevznikaj\u00ed st\u00e1ty jako takov\u00e9.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Obdob\u00ed ran\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00ed, v tomto obdob\u00ed ji\u017e vznikaj\u00ed ran\u011b feud\u00e1ln\u00ed st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 byly velmi ovlivn\u011bny Antikou.Postupn\u011b doch\u00e1zelo ji\u017e k zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bst, kter\u00e1 se st\u00e1vala centrem \u0159emesel a obchodu. T\u00edm tak\u00e9 nar\u016fstal v\u00fdznamu m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u016f.\tU\u010den\u00ed o troj\u00edm liduPozd\u011bji, ve vrcholn\u00e9m st\u0159edov\u011bku, je \u0161\u00ed\u0159eno u\u010den\u00ed o troj\u00edm lidu, t\u0159i stavy, kter\u00e9 zahrnovalo:\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Duchovenstvo, nap\u0159\u00edklad mnich.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0160lechta, nap\u0159\u00edklad ryt\u00ed\u0159.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prost\u00fd lid, nap\u0159\u00edklad roln\u00edk.Ve \u010dtrn\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed morov\u00e9 epidemie, kter\u00fdm se \u0159\u00edkalo \u010dern\u00e1 smrt. T\u00edm doch\u00e1z\u00ed k pozastaven\u00ed rozvoje m\u011bst, nav\u00edc situaci komplikuj\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. V tomto obdob\u00ed pozvolna nastupuje novodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed gotick\u00e1 kultura.\tPozdn\u00ed st\u0159edov\u011bkNadch\u00e1z\u00ed obdob\u00ed pozdn\u00edho st\u0159edov\u011bku a zapo\u010dal novov\u011bk. V tomto obdob\u00ed proch\u00e1z\u00ed Evropa mnoha zm\u011bnami a nov\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi. Z v\u00fdchodu \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm v\u00edce p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed osman\u0161t\u00ed Turci, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek p\u00e1d Byzantsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. P\u0159\u00edtomnost Turk\u016f v Evrop\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nutnost hled\u00e1n\u00ed cest na d\u00e1ln\u00fd v\u00fdchod neobvykl\u00fdmi n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edmi cestami.\u00a0 Nast\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u00edm p\u00e1dem objevov\u00e1n\u00ed a postupn\u00e1 kolonizace nov\u00fdch, objeven\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed a nov\u00fdch kontinent\u016f. Rozv\u00edj\u00ed se hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch z\u00e1mo\u0159sk\u00fdch cest a v kultu\u0159e postupn\u011b nahrazuje gotiku renesance.\tSt\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u00a0Tato st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost byla vytv\u00e1\u0159ena ve t\u0159ech hlavn\u00edch kulturn\u00edch centrech:\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Latinsk\u00e1, neboli z\u00e1padn\u00ed kultura, co\u017e byly rom\u00e1nsk\u00e9, germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9 a z\u00e1padoslovansk\u00e9 n\u00e1rody. Jazykem byla latina.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Byzantsko-slovansk\u00e1 kultura, co\u017e byly v\u00fdchodn\u00ed, jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed n\u00e1rody a tak\u00e9 maloasijsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rody. Jazykem byla staroslov\u011bn\u0161tina nebo \u0159e\u010dtina.\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Isl\u00e1msk\u00e1, neboli arabsk\u00e1 kultura, kter\u00e1 zahrnovala p\u0159edn\u00ed Asii, Arabsk\u00fd poloostrov, severn\u00ed Afriku a \u010d\u00e1st Pyrenejsk\u00e9ho poloostrova. Jazykem byla arab\u0161tina.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.7\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Rann\u00fd st\u0159edov\u011bk","item":"https:\/\/www.mauz.cz\/ranny-stredovek\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]